Community differences in the implementation of Strong Communities for Children     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

In 1993, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect recommended a neighborhood-based strategy to prevent child abuse and neglect. The Board further recommended the development of Prevention Zones to allow for testing of the effectiveness of community-wide child protection efforts in neighborhoods of differing population density, ethnic and cultural composition, and social and economic resources. Following the Board's recommendation, this article presents the results of a trial of the effectiveness of a neighborhood-based strategy in low- and high-resource communities. Using management, survey, and administrative data, the research showed that both community types experienced declines in founded cases of and injuries suggesting child maltreatment for children under age 5. Low-resource communities experienced greater levels of mobilization, as measured by community and institutional engagement, and a greater number of positive outcomes related to changes in the quality of life for families and community norms relative to child and family well-being. In particular, the low-resource communities experienced the largest increases in receiving help from neighbors, neighboring, perceived household safety for neighborhood children, and observed positive parenting. High-resource communities experienced greater increases in intermediate outcomes related to self-reported parenting practices. The findings suggest that, ultimately, community mobilization can occur and be an effective means of preventing child maltreatment across community types. It appears, however, that community mobilization may play a more significant role in low-resource communities.  相似文献   

现代大学制度重构:公共性、公益性、私益性的冲突与整合     

戚业国 《教育发展研究》2011,(19)

现代社会知识已经渗透到社会生产和生活的各个方面,作为知识生产、传播和应用的高等教育,已经从社会边缘进入社会中心,使得高等教育的公共性、公益性与私益性发生了新的变化,这些变化反过来又影响高到等教育的发展:公共性的增强提升了高等教育的地位和影响力,挑战着大学的传统与精神;公益性的增强使得社会更为关注高等教育公平;而私益性的增强则使高等教育成本分担日趋复杂化。现代大学制度重构需要从高等教育社会产品的生产、分配与消费去思考大学制度的逻辑框架。  相似文献   

中华龙舟文化演变的生态适应论绎     

王洪珅 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(6):134-139

摘要：主要采用文献资料法和历史研究法，以跨学科的视野阐释和分析中华龙舟文化在不同历史时期的变化，从生态适应的角度，纵向梳理了中华龙舟文化的发展历程，认为中华龙舟文化的起源、演变及传承等整个发展过程均是生态适应的结果。主要从自然生态、社会生态和文化生态3个维度，分析讨论了中华龙舟文化演变过程中的生态适应问题。研究认为：自然生态促进了中华龙舟文化区域性的演成，并赋予其地域性特征；社会生态促使中华龙舟文化服务于政治需要、社会教化和社会整合；而文化生态促进了中华龙舟文化与他文化的横向交流和融合。同时还认为，面对自然生态、社会生态和文化生态的不断变化，当前及今后的中华龙舟文化都会通过不断的自我调适来适应所处生态的变化。一定程度上有助于加深对中华龙舟文化发展问题的理解和认识，进一步拓展民族传统体育文化研究的视野。  相似文献   

‘When words don't come easily’: personal narratives from adolescents experiencing shyness as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context     

Ingrid Lund 《British Journal of Special Education》2016,43(4):430-447

The purpose of this article is to present narratives from 15 adolescents experiencing shy behaviour as an emotional and behavioural problem in the school context in light of narrative understanding. The investigation is intended to generate knowledge about this largely under‐researched phenomenon based on the personal accounts of those who are actually experiencing it. Their narratives are the foundation for a discussion regarding implications for future practice in the context of school in relation to this group.  相似文献   

高校体育人文环境的现状分析与优化对策研究*     

李〓颖  张云龙 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(5):106-109

在大学的四项主要职能中,人才培养和文化传播都与一所高校的体育人文环境有着密切联系.在优秀人才的培养中,德、智、体、美四维之中,体即一端."身心俱健"的要求需要体育教育和体育活动来保证;在优秀文化传播中,"终身体育"的意识正在逐步深入人心,作为社会先进文化辐射源的大学体育文化与各项体育活动对社会起着示范和引领作用.随着青少年体质健康工作日益受到重视,各高校正在将体育人文环境的创设与优化作为改善学校品质、打造学校文化特色、提升学校综合实力的重要内容.  相似文献   

Kinship,Camaraderie and Contestation: Fāṭimid Relations with the Ashrāf in the Fourth/Tenth Century.     

Shainool Jiwa 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2016,28(3):242-264

The founding of the Fā?imid caliphate across the southern Mediterranean, and then in Egypt, Syria and the ?ijāz at the turn of the fourth/tenth century, necessitated its negotiation with the ashrāf, those who claimed lineal descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and who by this time had gained significant influence as a social class based on their charismatic descent. While other dynastic powers fostered relationships with various members of the ashrāf, the Fā?imid–ashrāf dynamics were distinctive in that the Fā?imids legitimised their rule as Ismā?īlī Shī?ī imām-caliphs, based on their claim of descent from the Prophet Mu?ammad, and as the sole successors to his authority and leadership over the Islamic world. Consequently, Fā?imid–ashrāf relations were permeated by fraternal camaraderie as well as by competing contestations based on their shared claim to Prophetic lineage.  相似文献   

The construction of women’s social spaces through physical exercise in urban China     

Huan Xiong 《Sport in Society》2019,22(8):1415-1432

Abstract

By applying feminist geographical theories and qualitative research methods, this article reveals Chinese women’s exercise experiences in urban spaces and discusses how women, through physical activity in neighbourhoods, public places and commercial facilities, constructed social spaces of their own. The findings show that exercise spaces are potentially sites for women’s health, well-being, social networking and collective empowerment. They challenge traditional gendered urban spaces by deconstructing the dual structure of ‘public’ and ‘private’ spheres, inducing women to gradually shift from the ‘edge’ to the ‘centre’. Though the spatial differences in women’s physical activities reflect the diversity and dynamics of women’s spatialities, they also imply the continuous social powers on women in exercise fields, where gendered disparities and class stratification may be sustained.  相似文献   

社会体育指导员岗位素质应然与实然的调查研究     

李金花 《浙江体育科学》2020,(3):26-29

社会体育指导员作为社会体育发展的主要力量,提升自身的岗位素质成为社会体育指导员健身指导水平的保障。论文主要采用文献资料法、访谈法与问卷调查法,对社会体育指导员应有和实有的品质能力、技能能力、行为能力进行调查,研究认为,社会体育指导员的“应然”岗位素质均得到认可,而“实然”的岗位素质掌握程度不够理想,智能化设备使用能力成为短板,研究能为社会体育指导员在岗位上所应具备的岗位素质提供借鉴。  相似文献   

课外活动对大学生动手和社交能力的影响探究     

金霞 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2014,(10):75-76

当代大学生的动手能力和社会交际能力普遍需要提高。本文采用问卷调查的形式,对本地大学生课外活动开展情况进行了调查,探索了现阶段的课外活动开展对大学生造成了什么样的影响及如何更好的开展课外活动,并对如何提升大学生动手能力和社会交际能力提出了有用的建议和措施。  相似文献   

我国城市家庭体育教育的阶层分化——以上海城市居民为例     

王燕  何平香 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(12):88-92+98

摘要：为了解现阶段我国家庭教育模式的转换，以及参与家庭体育教育群体的社会阶层结构，采用问卷调查和数理分析的研究方法，通过选取上海城市居民家庭体育教育投入和家庭体育教育理念这两个独特的研究视角来观察我国正处于成型过程中的社会阶层结构，为我国家庭体育教育的发展提供思路。研究发现我国的体育教育分层在城市家庭中正在悄悄发生。中国传统社会形成的惯例是通过文化教育的投入来实现其低阶层向高阶层的跃进，而我国当前社会所发生的城市家庭教育事实却在此基础上有了新的发展。家庭体育教育的投入逐渐为越来越多的城市家庭所重视，并且在家庭教育投入上，中上阶层比社会底层的家庭更愿意选择高级别的体育活动和体育培训；在家庭体育教育理念上，中上阶层的家庭更愿意选择体育的协作手段来促进子女的社会化和引导子女高尚的行为方式。  相似文献